CLONING VECTOR

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DNA that scientists use to amplify (make many copies of) a gene or other piece of DNA. It acts as a carrier for the foreign DNA, allowing it to be introduced into a host cell, where it can replicate and be expressed.

There are many different types of cloning vectors, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Some common types include:

Plasmids: These are small, circular pieces of DNA that are found naturally in bacteria. They are often used for cloning small genes, as they can only hold up to about 10,000 base pairs of DNA.

Bacteriophages: These are viruses that infect bacteria. They can be used to clone larger genes, as they can hold up to 40,000 base pairs of DNA.

Cosmids: These are artificial cloning vectors that combine the features of plasmids and bacteriophages. They can hold up to 450,000 base pairs of DNA.

Bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs): These are artificial cloning vectors that resemble the structure of human chromosomes. They can hold up to 3 million base pairs of DNA.

Yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs): These are artificial cloning vectors that resemble the structure of yeast chromosomes. They can hold up to 2 million base pairs of DNA.

somes (YACs) cloning vector
Cloning vectors are essential tools in molecular biology and have been used to make many important discoveries, such as the development of insulin and other life-saving drugs.





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